Soyuz TM-12
苏联航天计划 · 联盟-U2 · 1/5 号发射台
任务简介
联盟TM-12是第12次前往和平号空间站的任务，也是第九次长期驻留任务。任务于1991年5月18日12:50:28 UTC开始，将指令长阿纳托利·阿尔采巴尔斯基、飞行工程师谢尔盖·克里卡廖夫和研究宇航员海伦·沙曼（首位英国宇航员）送入轨道。两天后他们与和平号对接。在驻留期间，宇航员进行了舱外活动、各种空间站维修和维护任务，并开展了生物学、地球物理学、空间技术、天文学等领域的科学实验。多艘进步号补给飞船访问了他们，并迎接了联盟TM-13机组的到来。 海伦·沙曼于1991年5月26日乘坐联盟TM-11飞船返回。谢尔盖·克里卡廖夫作为下一次长期驻留任务的一部分留在空间站，而阿纳托利·阿尔采巴尔斯基于1991年10月10日04:12:18 UTC安全返回地球。
原文
Soyuz TM-12 was the 12th mission and the ninth long-duration expedition to Mir space station. The mission began on May 18, 1991, 12:50:28 UTC, launching Commander Anatoly Artsebarsky, Flight Engineer Sergei Krikalyov and Research Cosmonaut Helen Sharman, the first British cosmonaut, into orbit. They docked with Mir two days later. During their stay there, cosmonauts performed EVAs, various station repair and maintenance tasks, and carried out scientific experiments in biology, geophysics, space technology, astronomy etc. They were visited by several Progress resupply spacecrafts and welcomed aboard the Soyuz TM-13 crew. Helen Sharman returned on May 26, 1991, in Soyuz TM-11 spacecraft. While Sergei Krikalyov stayed on the station as a part of the next long-duration expedition, Anatoly Artsebarsky landed safely back on Earth on October 10, 1991, 04:12:18 UTC.
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