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Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART)
SpaceX · 猎鹰 9 Block 5 · 4E 号发射工位 (SLC-4E)
任务简介
双小行星重定向测试（DART）任务是首个通过高速撞击小行星来展示偏转能力（即动能撞击技术）的任务。 DART是一项行星防御驱动的测试，旨在验证防止危险小行星撞击地球的技术之一：动能撞击器。DART的主要目标是在一颗小行星上演示动能撞击。双星近地小行星（65803）Didymos是DART的目标。Didymos的主星直径约800米，其卫星直径约150米，后者更接近可能对地球构成常见威胁的小行星尺寸。 DART航天器将利用机载相机和先进的自主导航软件，以约6公里/秒的速度故意撞击该卫星。撞击将使卫星绕主星轨道速度改变不到百分之一，足以通过地球上的望远镜测量。
原文
Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission is the first-ever mission to demonstrate the capability to deflect an asteroid by colliding a spacecraft with it at high speed, a technique known as a kinetic impactor. DART is a planetary defense-driven test of one of the technologies for preventing the Earth impact of a hazardous asteroid: the kinetic impactor. DART's primary objective is to demonstrate a kinetic impact on a small asteroid. The binary near-Earth asteroid (65803) Didymos is the target for DART. While Didymos' primary body is approximately 800 meters across, its secondary body has a 150-meter size, which is more typical of the size of asteroids that could pose a more common hazard to Earth. The DART spacecraft will achieve the kinetic impact by deliberately crashing itself into the moonlet at a speed of approximately 6 km/s, with the aid of an onboard camera and sophisticated autonomous navigation software. The collision will change the speed of the moonlet in its orbit around the main body by a fraction of one percent, enough to be measured using telescopes on Earth.
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